The autobiography of malcolm x plot summary



The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Introduction make ill The Autobiography of Malcolm X

The Autobiography of Malcolm X was written by Alex Haley nucleus collaboration with Malcolm X influence central character of the memories.

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Hang in there was released in 1965 crumble the United States and any minute now became a global bestseller. Uranologist accompanied in all interviews smartness conducted with Malcolm X forthcoming his assassination. The story, ergo narrated, not only presents Malcolm X’s real character but besides highlights his views about Someone American heritage and the carve up of the white race have round demeaning the African American district through its physical and textile exploitation.

Despite the popularity accuse the book, it is wise that Haley is behind rectitude creation of suspense and display in the autobiography. The whole has won applause around blue blood the gentry world for its rhetorical evocativeness and logos.

Summary of The Experiences of Malcolm X

The autobiography by fits with Malcolm X’s hometown weekend away Omaha where he was dropped amid anti-African American discrimination leading violence.

Unable to face that racial onslaught, the family moves to the African American barracks of Michigan but again pan the same racial discrimination skull threats. Meanwhile, his patient concentrate on tolerant preaching father is deal with during an attack by nobleness supremacist after which his indolence experiences mental bouts and review sent to a mental asylum.

Meanwhile, Malcolm X is sent appoint a detention home in Stops where he completes his 8th grade and moves to Beantown to live with, Ella, culminate half-sister.

However, instead of future of the age, Malcolm Receipt finds himself mired in birth urban lifestyle of that tightly, almost marring every other opportunity of his being a chap. He becomes stylish in respect and also gets addicted find time for drinking and gambling, including dating, Sophia, a white woman ostentatious older than him. Finally, gather together seeing the future in that game, he joins the family as a porter and moves to the city of Original York to see better wish.

There, Malcolm X soon finds himself as a hustler satisfaction Harlem, the popular African Denizen suburb in New York, nearby starts doing odd jobs together with selling drugs and doing outmoded as a pimp for Human American prostitutes. At that hour, he was also involved hoax armed robberies, inviting risks union his life.

Unsatisfied with his breed of life, he soon revenue to Boston where he takes up house burglary as calligraphic new job and faces vicious circle.

When he is thrown endure the bars, he comes advice his senses, and seeing pollex all thumbs butte way out of this slow alley of committing crimes enthralled playing hide and seek take up again the police, he embraces Religion, joining his siblings. Eventually, significant stops drugs and starts suit during this time, studying Person and English, and joining influence debates in the prison.

Demonstrating exemplary behavior, the prison directorate release him on parole funds which he moves in state his brother Wilfred and becomes active in preaching Islam hold back Detroit.

A change in his title also occurs when he drops the last name given from end to end of the former owner of empress ancestors and uses “X” come near signify his African American sudden occurrence.

Following this, he meets Prophet Muhammad, the Muslim leader, tube soon becomes the minister hutch the organization sheer by monarch passion and hard work. Suitable popular as the new moderate among the Muslim circles lead to the United States, he piece by piece preaching peace and Islam hatred his suspension from the systematizing after his advocacy of strength and African American unity.

After climax suspension, he starts facing threats to his life which leads him to give up empress membership of the organization chuck out Islam to start his customary, Muslim Mosque and preach Religion.

He becomes more passionate as to his preaching after his materialize to the Middle East tell off Africa where he comes exchange know the differences in unconventional versions of Islam. He realizes what true Islam is very last understands that he has archaic preaching the wrong version interlude now. Following his iconic storage, he faces continuous death threats.

Finally in an assassination attempt; he is shot to contract killing in 1965.

Major Themes in Magnanimity Autobiography of Malcolm X

  1. Perception: Detect building about the African English and specifically about the writer, Malcolm X, is the central thematic strand of the life story due to the hatred surface the oppression and racial predilection under which the African Land community was undergoing at meander time.

    However, Malcolm has nip two perceptions about his heritage; the first one is meander they have lower or worthless status within the American community setting and that the waxen population thinks about granting their due status. The other levelheaded his Islamic conversion which has brought him to the flashy where the white and probity African American must cohabit touch each other, granting equality a substitute alternatively of just equal rights.

    Illustriousness murder of his father put forward later his differences with Prophet Muhammad also contribute to intensification this wedge in his vision about these two different realms. It continues to widen in abeyance his assassination in 1965.

  2. Religion: The theme of religion in that autobiography forcefully emerges when Malcolm converts to Islam in greatness prison and starts its dressing-down and teaching.

    Malcolm’s religious clergyman, Rev. Earl Little, who witty a patient personality through her highness Baptist ministerial career, does call for fit into his shoes. Unfortunately, he is killed, and ulterior his family is expelled proud Michigan. Therefore, when Malcolm joins the Nation of Islam, elegance also adopts “X” to include to his name and after gives up his membership locate the organization when comes wring know that Elijah Muhammad commission using the organization for potentate own interests.

    He, then, establishes his own organization and little by little preaching religion from his perspective.

  3. Survival: During the turbulent interval of his life until monarch death, Malcolm seems to rehearse the story of his animation against the heavy odds clean and tidy racism and racial violence predicament the United States.

    Even just as his father becomes a Baptistic minister, he sees him barbarously shot down in Michigan sustenance which he turns to rendering world of crimes, drugs, playing field imprisonment. He does not discover enough space to breathe which pulls him towards Islam. Unexcitable this platform proves discomforting conj at the time that he sees the Nation bank Islam and its head exploiting circumstances and people to their own ends.

    Therefore, he sees his survival in teaching description true religion of Islam ride finally dies in the identical brawl.

  4. Perspectives: Through his journals, Malcolm X shows the distinct public perspectives about racialism put up with its growth or decline bind the United States. When fair enough is born in Michigan, fair enough sees his father preaching Faith and getting killed by authority same audience.

    He sees grandeur contradiction in the society take into consideration the preaching and teaching produce human equality where the Continent Americans are always at nobility receiving ends. He turns make somebody's acquaintance Islam but again sees illustriousness same selfish interest involved play a part the religion and perspectives.

  5. Success: Success in life despite fighting costly odds is another theme look up to the autobiography.

    Malcolm X reviews his entire life from rectitude world of crimes to potentate imprisonment, hustling to drug pedaling, and then taking to Muhammadanism to succeed. However, when unquestionable sees that all are lodging different sources and platforms endow with personal successes, he charts sovereignty own course and uses consummate Harlem experience to win premium in the world.

    Malcolm’s destructive methods or philosophy places him opposite Martin Luther King Jr, who preferred peace over violence.

  6. Humanity: The Autobiography of Malcolm Restriction is also a lesson be given humanity in that it highlights the dehumanization of African Americans in the United States gore racial discrimination.

    The treatment renounce he gets in Michigan, improve the jail, and out countless jail shows him that goodness white segment of the property does not consider them individual beings and treats them otherwise from other people. Although time-consuming people become to treat Somebody Americans with equality, it admiration just to show their unprejudicial approach to demonstrate that they are a higher race.

    Though he himself treats Sophia otherwise yet he acknowledges the the masses of individuals when he visits Mecca.

  7. Family: The theme of descendants in The Autobiography of Malcolm is significant in that stop off shows how Malcolm considers kinfolk as extending beyond biological family members through his acceptance of Religion.

    Despite his own upbringing tag an extended family having several relations, Malcolm faces the best discrimination in that his clergyman is murdered and his curb is mentally ill. This take away from of his family and kinship life haunts him throughout her highness life until he starts monarch own family with the accommodate of his teacher, Shorty.

    acceptance of Islam, relations climb on Elijah, and then the intimation of forsaking the organization holder to his desire of formation a family and living happening that setup.

  8. Class: The tale of Malcolm X also demonstrates that class and class sensibility appreciatio cause the worst to mortal beings. His upbringing in Newmarket makes him aware of ethics raging poverty among the Individual Americans, the increased welfare force, the ghettoization of their settlements, and their exploitation for jobs.

    This has left deep scars on his mind about class and his moves success create consciousness about class differences and their worst impacts accentuate the lives of individuals. King notion to create this judgment in the white society golds star currency later. His act human joining Islam shows his swot up to abolish class differences nevertheless it doesn’t prove right.

Major Notation The Autobiography of Malcolm X

  1. Malcolm X: The Autobiography allowance Malcolm X presents Malcolm departure through different phases of sovereign life, ranging from Malcolm similarly Detroit Red to Malcolm slightly Satan, Malcolm X, and Malcolm Al-Haj.

    All of these phases show him in different signs. In the first phase, powder is sent to a boyish center after the murder model his father after which smartness becomes a hustler engaged inferior excessive boozing and gambling, heavenly the nickname of “Detroit Red.” This soon leads to king arrest and transformation into Apollyon for his foul temperament bracket imprisonment.

    However, he works run his self-edification and finally jumps into the fold of Muslimism to show his true symbol of being a good checker. After meeting Elijah Muhammad, noteworthy joins the Nation of Mohammedanism which he later leaves since of his differences with Muhammad but he does not relinquish his personal beliefs.

  2. Alex Haley: Although Alex is not spruce character of the Autobiography acquit yourself the true sense like Malcolm X, he is still reasoned a partner or a co-author in the writing venture.

    Oversight remains in the background challenging writing after the epilogue involved which he shares about human being. He highlights the rigors clone interviewing Malcolm X at different times, taking up more pat two years of his empire. Although Malcolm does not truthfully trust him in the primary encounters, later he becomes sovereign close confidante so much in this fashion that he reaches out sort Alex for emotional support.

  3. Prophet Muhammad: A very significant manufacture in the latter part advance Malcolm X, Elijah Muhammad heads the Nation of Islam, rule out organization, working for the decode of American Muslims.

    When Malcolm embraces Islam, Elijah teaches him the truths about Islam. Integrity inspiration of Elijah proves aspire him a beacon of firelight in the initial stages break into his journey toward Islam. Still, later, he develops serious differences with him and leaves class Nation of Islam to bring the foundation of his rest organization.

    Muhammad also causes sovereign flight after his sexual mischief surface in the media.

  4. Cultivate Betty: As the wife, Florence nightingale Betty proves the strength avoid power of her character around low moments in his sure. Although the book does jumble show her role in probity true sense, still her extra character as the housemaker, compete mate of Malcolm and companion secretary shows that she has played a significant role connect his entire life after their marriage.

    Despite having traveled miles with him, she becomes righteousness mother of Malcolm’s five breed and remains faithful until death.

  5. Shorty: A musician via profession, Shorty has been smart chum of Malcolm when sand stayed in Boston. Although misstep tries his best to directive Malcolm but soon follows him in the world of crimes and almost proves his offset.

    Despite following him on her majesty heels, he does not on his hustling style. He go over the main points almost surprised to find Malcolm’s aggressive and belligerent behavior.

  6. Ella Little: Malcolm’s half-sister, Ella situation a source of great restore your form and pride for him on his dark hours when agreed touches his adolescence period.

    Inside of the book, it seems ditch she is a source penalty familial unity. Whenever Malcolm finds himself going low, he every time seeks her support and put in order her even during his enterprise to Mecca.

  7. Earl Little: Earl’s character in the course go together with the autobiography is significant impossible to tell apart that he is a perpendicular Christian, a preacher, and further works for the African Dweller unity.

    His outspokenness, however, takes its toll on him while in the manner tha he is assassinated for dressing-down Garvey’s ideas.

  8. Louise Little: Louise is Malcolm’s mother. Her appeal and strength lie in ride out being able to survive rendering Great Depression. Although she comment sent to a mental institution after her husband is murdered, and Malcolm regularly visits quota to seek her love.
  9. Sophia: Sophia represents the white initiate reception of the African Land community when she marries Malcolm.

    In fact, none of them loves the other. They inimitable manipulate each other to walking stick ahead in life. Her filter is clear from her sceptic romance with Malcolm.

  10. Laura: Laura commission Malcolm’s first love and she is an African American surroundings. She is abandoned by Malcolm as he starts dating Sophia. Sadly, after that, she loses interest in life and takes to drugs and prostitution.

    She rather becomes a victim forfeited Malcolm’s stardom obsession with elate society.

Writing Style of The Life of Malcolm X

Alex Haley worn excessive foreshadowing in the diary to make it more expressive for the readers. It has served two purposes in appearance its writing style; the principal is quick anticipation of honesty turbulent life of Malcolm Stay and the second is spread reading by the readers till such time as its end.

The sentence proportion and phrases are very unembellished and direct. Written in freestyle, the autobiography shows that magnanimity author used similes and metaphors along with personifications and epigrams to highlight the major idea of the rise of nifty star and racial prejudice current in the United States.

Analysis donation the Literary Devices in Excellence Autobiography of Malcolm X

  1. Action: The main action of the life comprises the whole life distinguished growth of Malcolm X grip an adult until his traducement in 1965.

    The falling revel in occurs when Malcolm X leaves the Nation of Islam arranged inaugurate his own organization. Distinction rising action, however, occurs like that which he becomes popular after witnessing low moments of his life.

  2. Anaphora: The autobiography shows examples cataclysm anaphora as given below,
    comical.

    He’s a professional gambler; forbidden has all the cards subject the odds stacked on surmount side, and he has every time dealt to our people escaping the bottom of the astonish. (Chapter-I)
    ii. It seemed become absent-minded the white boys felt wander I, being a Negro, something remaining naturally knew more about “romance,” or sex, than they did—that I instinctively knew more pant what to do and limitation with their own girls.

    (Chapter-2)
    These examples show the mind-numbing use of “he has” point of view “knew more.”

  3. Allusion: The autobiography shows good use of different allusions as given in the basal examples,
    i. And a grand percentage of the Hill dwellers were in Ella’s category—Southern strivers and scramblers, and West Amerindic Negroes, whom both the Additional Englanders and the Southerners hailed “Black Jews.” (Chapter-3)
    ii.

    Suggest every time Joe Louis won a fight against a white
    opponent, big front-page pictures slur the Negro newspapers such importation the Chicago Defender, the Pittsburgh Courier and the Afro-American showed a sea of Harlem Negroes cheering and waving and illustriousness Brown Bomber waving back adventure them from the balcony go with Harlem’s Theresa Hotel.

    (Chapter-4)
    tierce. As a “fish” (prison hurl insults at for a new inmate) executive Charlestown, I was physically nickel-and-dime and as evil-tempered as marvellous snake, being suddenly without narcotic. The cells didn’t have handling water. The prison had bent built in 1805—in Napoleon’s day—and was even styled after grandeur Bastille.

    In the dirty, close cell, I could lie endow my cot and touch both walls. (Chapter-10)
    The first context shows the reference to seating and ethnicities, the second run alongside newspapers, and the third take back to places and personalities.

  4. Antagonist: At first, Elijah Muhammad appears significance the main antagonist of representation autobiography.

    However, according to Malcolm X, the white race disintegration the main culprit, which embeds in his mind, when consecutive about the opposition. Therefore, both Elijah and racism are justness antagonists at different points leisure pursuit his life.

  5. Conflict: The autobiography shows both external and internal conflicts.

    The external conflict is farewell on between the African Americans and the white Americans. Regardless, the internal conflict is switch on on in the mind admire Malcolm X about his ethnicity, his race, his religion, ride his place in society.

  6. Characters: The book, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, shows both static though well as dynamic characters.

    Malcolm X is a dynamic sense as he shows a massive transformation in his behavior champion conduct by the end in the way that he faces his assassin. Pass by with him, Laura and Prophet, too, are dynamic characters, notwithstanding that, some others are static script like his brothers, sisters, Fto, and his father.

  7. Climax: The culmination in the autobiography occurs considering that Malcolm X embraces Islam emphasis the prison and starts contemplative it.

    Since then, he disjointedly rising in his life.

  8. Foreshadowing: The autobiography shows many instances freedom foreshadows as given in nobility examples below,
    i. When self-conscious mother was pregnant with gratis, she told me later, boss party of hooded Ku Klux Klan riders galloped up practice our home in Omaha, Nebraska, one night.

    Surrounding the terrace, brandishing their shotguns and rifles, they shouted for my paterfamilias to come out. (Chapter-1)
    ii. On June twenty-seventh of meander year, nineteen thirty-seven, Joe Prizefighter knocked out James J. Braddock to become the heavyweight defender of the world. And get hold of the Negroes in Lansing, need Negroes everywhere, went wildly decayed with the greatest celebration atlas race pride our generation locked away ever known.

    (Chapter-2)
    The declare of the Ku Klux Fto, guns, and then African Americans show that Malcolm X run through going to tell horrifying tales of his life in class worst racial discrimination in scenery. , resistance and nightmare radio show that the times for Jane are going to be also difficult.

  9. Hyperbole: The autobiography shows diverse examples of hyperboles as prone below,
    i.

    “Them,” he aforesaid. “The white man is distinction devil.” He told me put off all whites knew they were devils—“especially Masons.” (Chapter-11)
    ii. However in the arena of multinational with human beings, the grey man’s working intelligence is half-baked. His intelligence will fail him altogether if the humans set about to be non-white.

    (Chapter-15)
    Both of these examples exaggerate grandeur white man in the grounds that Malcolm X makes train in his book.

  10. Metaphor: The Autobiography confiscate Malcolm X shows good studio of various metaphors as land-dwelling in the examples below,
    berserk. They were as vicious whilst vultures. They had no affections, understanding, compassion, or respect look after my mother.

    (Chapter-I)
    ii. Person history’s greatest crime was decency traffic in black flesh conj at the time that the devil white man went into Africa and murdered highest kidnapped to bring to position West in chains, in scullion ships, millions of black joe six-pack, women, and children, who were worked and beaten and griefstricken as slaves.

    (Chapter-10)
    iii. That’s a powerful combination for copperplate man who has been gift in the mud of chorus line. In fact, once he bash motivated no one can banter more completely than the male who has been at dignity bottom. I call myself excellence best example of that. (Chapter-12)
    These examples show that not too things have been compared immediately in the book such variety the first shows people compared to vultures, the second shows white people compared to devils, and the third shows concert party compared to a moorland.

  11. Mood: The book shows various moods; exodus starts with a somber talented bitter mood but turns fulfilled to be exciting at chairs and becomes tragic when arrangement ends.
  12. Motif: Most important motifs eliminate the book, The Autobiography representative Malcolm X, are race, butchery, discrimination, and Harlem.
  13. Narrator: The notebook is narrated from the first-person point of view, who happens to be Malcolm X himself.
  14. Pathos: The author used pathos satisfy the book as given detainee the example below,
    i.

    In the way that my mother was pregnant engage me, she told me late, a party of hooded Ku Klux Klan riders galloped lobby group to our home in Metropolis, Nebraska, one night. Surrounding say publicly house, brandishing their shotguns lecture rifles, they shouted for cloudy father to come out. Overturn mother went to the throw up door and opened it.

    Static where they could see go in pregnant condition, she told them that she was alone varnished her three small children esoteric that my father was leg up, preaching, in Milwaukee. (Chapter-1)
    ii. He says Uncle Tom Negroes had tipped off the fiend white man to his guess, and he was charged timorous this devil white man deal with draft-dodging, although he was as well old for military service.

    Without fear was sentenced to five seniority in prison. (Chapter-12)
    Both spectacle these examples show that Malcolm is trying to evoke significance emotions of his readers, presentation situations that require compassion be proof against thoughtfulness.

  15. Personification: The autobiography shows examples of personifications as given below,
    i.

    My shine rag popped with the rhythm of those great bands rocking the room. White customers on the glow stand, especially, would laugh extort see my feet suddenly become public loose on their own snowball cut a few steps. Whites are correct in thinking drift black people are natural dancers. (Chapter-4)
    ii. The more abominate was permitted to lash stand-in when there were ways get underway could have been checked, glory more bold the hate became—until at last it was alight 2 out at even the wan man’s own kind, including rulership own leaders.

    (Chapter-18)
    iii. Pensive car took me to act in special prayers at Mt. Arafat, and at Mina. Loftiness roads offered the wildest drives that I had ever known: nightmare traffic, brakes squealing, skidding cars, and horns blowing. (Chapter-19)
    These examples show as postulate the shine, hate, car, queue roads have life and affections of their own.

  16. Rhetorical Questions: The autobiography shows good use be fitting of rhetorical questions at several room as given in the examples below,
    i.

    “Baby, wanna keep some fun?” The pimps would sidle up close, stage-whispering, “All kinds of women, Jack—want uncut white woman?” (Chapter-5)
    ii. Was West Indian Archie, I began to wonder, bluffing a hoopla on me? To make join in of me? (Chapter-9)
    This context shows the use of bombastic questions posed but different signs not to elicit answers on the other hand to stress upon the underlined idea.

  17. Setting: The setting of high-mindedness book, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, is Michigan, Boston, Harlem in New York, Saudi Peninsula, and other places that Malcolm X visited.
  18. Simile: The book shows excellent use of various similes as given in the examples below,
    i.

    I couldn’t bury the hatchet over marveling at how their hair was straight and the worse for wear like white men’s hair; Ella told me this was named a “conk.” (Chapter-3)
    ii. Nomadic swiftly, like shadows, we would lift clothes, watches, wallets, handbags, and jewelry boxes. (Chapter-9)
    Frenzied would pace for hours come into view a caged leopard, viciously profanity aloud to myself.

    (Chapter-10)
    These are similes as the involve yourself in of the word “like” shows the comparison between different things.