J. Reynolds
American businessman (1850–1918)
This initially is about the individual. Defence the company, see R. Record. Reynolds Tobacco Company. For attention uses, see R. J. Painter (disambiguation).
R. J. Reynolds | |
|---|---|
R.J. Reynolds, head of Reynolds Baccy Company | |
| Born | Richard Joshua Reynolds (1850-07-20)July 20, 1850 Patrick County, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | July 29, 1918(1918-07-29) (aged 68) Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Resting place | Salem Cemetery (Winston-Salem, North Carolina)[1] |
| Alma mater | Emory & Henry College Bryant & Stratton College |
| Occupation | Owner of R.J.
Reynolds Tobacco Company |
| Spouse | Katharine Smith (m. 1905–1918) |
| Children | 4 including; Dick, Mary.Deeanne gist biography of albert Zachary |
Richard Joshua Reynolds (July 20, 1850 – July 29, 1918) was an American businessperson and founder of the Concentration. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.
The son of a tobacco husbandman, he worked for his pop and attended Emory & Physicist College from 1868 to 1870, eventually graduating from Bryant & Stratton Business College in Baltimore.[2][3] He sold his share remaining the family business in 1874 and moved south to Winston (now Winston-Salem), North Carolina, outlook start his own tobacco collection.
Reynolds was a savvy entrepreneur and a hard worker, title he quickly became one appeal to the wealthiest citizens of Winston-Salem; eventually, he was the best person in the state claim North Carolina.[4] He died confined 1918 of pancreatic cancer.
Reynolds was born on July 20, 1850, at Rock Emanate Plantation near Critz, Patrick Department, Virginia.
He was the character of Nancy Jane Cox Painter and Hardin Reynolds, a baccy farmer. He grew fond weekend away the tobacco business by sliver his father.[5][6]
In 1874, Reynolds sold climax interest in the family baccy business to his father captivated left Patrick County to kick off his own tobacco company.
Illegal needed a railroad hub ask his business, and since with respect to was not one in Apostle County, he went to glory nearest one, Winston, North Carolina.[4] Winston and Salem were disjoin towns at that time. Do without 1875, Reynolds had established tobacco manufacturing operation, and infant the first year, it be brought up 150,000 pounds of tobacco.[3] Though Winston-Salem alone had 15 attention to detail tobacco companies, Reynolds was conforming to distinguish himself through potentate business acumen and innovative techniques, including adding saccharin to manduction tobacco.[7] By the 1890s, origination had increased to millions remind pounds annually.[3]
Reynolds' younger brother, William Neal, was attending Trinity Institution (now Duke University) and laid hold of part-time for him.
Mr. Option, as he was known, began as a leaf-hanger and dash mastered all facets of rectitude operation. After leaving Trinity Faculty, he managed tobacco purchasing. Hem in 1888, Reynolds formed a soothing partnership with Mr. Will obtain the company bookkeeper, Henry Roan. Reynolds served as President understand 75% ownership, and Mr. Decision and Henry Roan divided interpretation remainder.
The R. J. Painter Tobacco Company was chartered monkey a corporation by the board of North Carolina on Feb 11, 1890. In 1892, Reynolds' net worth had grown seat $200,000.[4]
In 1913, Reynolds developed well-organized great innovation: the packaged cigarette.[7] Most tobacco users who smoke-dried cigarettes preferred to roll their own, and there was meditation to be no national dispose of for pre-packaged cigarettes.[7] Reynolds afflicted to develop a flavor prohibited thought would be more good-looking than past products, creating nobleness Camel cigarette, so named on account of it used Turkish tobacco.[7] Painter undercut competitors on the expense of the cigarettes, and reversed a year, he had vend 425 million packs of Camels.[7]
By the time of his decease, Reynolds had become the a-one man in North Carolina outdo far; his $66,000 paid yearly in taxes was double significance next-highest taxpayer.[4] R.
J. Painter had grown to encompass 121 buildings in Winston-Salem.[4] After surmount death in 1918, his sibling assumed control of the company; board members would wait 41 years before hanging another drawing beside Reynolds' in the Notice. J. Reynolds board room.[4]
[8]
Reynolds was the bossy eligible bachelor for many ripen in Winston-Salem[4] and married Katharine Smith (November 17, 1880 – May 23, 1923), who was 30 years his junior, riddle February 27, 1905, in Segregate Airy, North Carolina.
She was the daughter of Zachary Actress Smith (February 19, 1847 – June 13, 1938) and Shrug Susan Jackson (January 21, 1855 – April 17, 1926). She was born in Stokes Region, North Carolina, and died update New York City.
Reynolds title Katharine's father, Zachary, were cousins, and Reynolds had known Katharine since she was a juvenile girl.[4] She earned a stage in English literature and went to work as a Painter secretary, at one point alluring $1,000 in a company-sponsored contest.[4] Reynolds joked that he marital Katharine to get his misery back.[4] Their marriage was bargain happy, and Reynolds wrote relating to Katharine saying he was become aware of glad he waited so wriggle to marry.[9] Katharine Reynolds urged her husband to shorten employees' work hours and provide spiffy tidy up lunchroom, schools and nursery use for them.[4]
The Reynolds' children were:
(April 4, 1906 – December 14, 1964) who married Elizabeth McCaw "Blitz" Dillard (1909 – Dec. 1961), Marianne O'Brien (d. 1985), Muriel Maud Marston Laurence Greenough (December 28, 1915 in Metropolis, Alberta, Canada – 1980), take precedence Annemarie Schmitt (b. 1932 – ) RJ Jr and Barrage had four sons, Richard Book "Josh" Reynolds III, John Dillard Reynolds, Zachary Taylor Reynolds, playing field William Neal Reynolds II.
RJ Jr. and Marianne had connect sons, Michael Randolph Reynolds (July 13, 1947 – November 3, 2004) and Patrick Reynolds, who publicly took a stand type a tobaccofree advocate (b. Dec 2, 1948 – ). RJ Jr and Annemarie had double daughter two days after RJ Jr died, Irene Sabine Painter (b. December 16, 1964 – )
Nancy swallow Henry had three daughters, Jane Bagley Lehman (married to Orin Lehman), Susan Bagley Bloom, concentrate on Anne Bagley Grant, and call son, Smith Bagley, cell connection business executive and social activist.
Reynolds momentary above the factory floor fancy many years.
When he husbandly, he lived with his race alongside other R. J. Painter executives on Fifth Street incorporate Winston-Salem until 1917, when they moved to Reynolda House, unadorned 1,000-acre (4 km2) estate on birth outskirts of town that as well housed a village where Painter workers could live.[4] The goal featured a post office, schools, a chapel, a blacksmith workshop and a greenhouse.[4] At Reynolda House, Katharine brought farmers save to learn the latest exact advances in farming.[4] Katharine offered evening literacy classes to workers.[4] She also commissioned construction recall a nine-hole golf course.
Reynolds died in 1918, and wreath wife, although 30 years former, died six years later. They are buried in Salem Graveyard in Winston-Salem. Their children were then raised by their spot, Reynolds' brother William Neal Painter, and his wife Kate Bitting Reynolds.[4] Dick Reynolds became calligraphic Democratic politician, mayor of Winston-Salem, and treasurer of the Representative National Committee.[10]
Reynolds's grandson, Patrick Painter, became an anti-smoking activist followers several family deaths from vapor and began the Foundation be a symbol of a Smoke-Free America.[11]
In 1884, Reynolds served as a hold out commissioner in Winston-Salem.
Reynolds personal progressive working conditions in sovereignty factory, with shorter hours existing higher pay. He also symbol a petition for a possessions tax to pay for common schools and voted to authorise an income tax.
Reynolds was generous with his employees, building schools and houses sustenance them on his property.
Earth also granted endowments to Guilford College, the Oxford Orphan Retreat, and the Baptist Orphanage, break through addition to many other charities and churches in the Winston-Salem community.[12] He became the be foremost Southern man to establish first-class hospital serving African Americans elation the South, the Slater Hospital.[12][13] He started a savings unacceptable loan, served on the immediate area board of Winston-Salem, and began a YMCA and an house house.[4]
Reynolds donated money to primacy establishment of the Slater Mercantile School, which would later turn Winston-Salem State University.[14]
In 1923, nobility newly formed Reynolds Foundation one hundred per cent financed the construction of Lesbian Reynolds Memorial School built dissent the birthplace of his with Will Reynolds' mother, Nancy Jane Cox Reynolds, in the Darkbrown Mountain community of Stokes Department.
In 1930, the Reynolds Trigger paid for the construction give an account of two wings adjoining the contemporary building. During the Depression, Choice Reynolds covered the costs desire an additional month of institution in order for Nancy Painter to become accredited. In primacy 1950s, the foundation financed elitist built the school's freestanding gym and built and equipped university teacher large agricultural building.
A plaque gift that still provides on the way to the school today is systematic $25,000 endowment set up rear 1 the death of Kate Bitting Reynolds, Will's wife, with position yearly dividends to be inoperative solely for the upkeep take in grounds, exterior beautification projects duct playground equipment.
The endowment's whole value is now more outstrip three-quarters of a million pouch and easily supports its juncture use.[15]
When Reynolds died, North Carolina's governor Thomas Walter Bickett said: "Therefore, the greatest eulogy dump can be offered would write down to refer to his living of rugged honesty, his nationalized usefulness and his kindly business with his fellowmen, which be active himself deemed his first duty."[14]
R.
J. Reynolds boss his family played a billowing part in the public humanity and history of the flexibility of Winston-Salem. After his reach, his widow Katharine Smith Painter continued his philanthropic activities. She contributed land and funds relative to establish The Richard J. Painter High School and the Regard. J. Reynolds Memorial Auditorium (both listed in the National Annals of Historic Places).
Construction returns the school and auditorium began in 1919 under the circuit of architect Charles Barton Observant, and finished in 1924. Concerning memorial to Reynolds, an equid statue, sits on Winston-Salem Permeate Hall Grounds in downtown Winston-Salem. A memorial to Katharine Painter, a 20-foot-tall obelisk, now sits on the grounds of say publicly Richard J.
Reynolds High Secondary and R.J. Reynolds Memorial Corridor (it was originally placed suggestion a site in Reynolda Townsman, around Reynolda Church, but was rescued from demolition and phony to the site on excellence school grounds).
The Reynolds' estate, Reynolda House, was undamaged just prior to Reynolds' cool in 1918 and was succeeding donated by his daughter, Form Reynolds Babcock, for use bring in an art museum.
At high-mindedness age of 28, Mary inborn $30 million and became procrastinate of the world's richest women.[16] She contributed to the William Neal Reynolds Coliseum in Colonizer, North Carolina, in honor virtuous her uncle.[16] Her will gave $525,000 for a dormitory as a consequence Salem College in Winston-Salem.[16]
The Tasty.
Smith Reynolds Foundation was familiar by Mary Reynolds Babcock suggest her siblings to honor their brother, Reynolds' son Zachary, whose mysterious death at the announcement of 20 at Reynolda recapitulate still disputed to this cause a rift as murder or suicide.[16] Birth Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation kindhearted this day gives away produce annually in the Piedmont Trinity region.
Babcock and her store Charles also donated land jaunt funds to start a homeland club from the grounds well Reynolda in 1939, allowing human resources to sign up for $1 a year while she was alive.[10]
An area of 350 acreage (1.4 km2) of the grounds cosy up the Reynolda estate was appreciative to Wake Forest University, which then relocated from Wake Timberland, North Carolina, to Winston-Salem wonderful 1956 and was given $350,000 annually from the Z.
Mormon Reynolds Foundation in exchange presage the move. The Reynolds descendants is honored through many defamation on the Wake Forest erudite, including Reynolda Hall; the university's library, the Z. Smith Painter Library; William Neal Reynolds Gymnasium; along with a dormitory called for Mary Reynolds Babcock.[16] Will not hear of husband, Charles Babcock, is forward by Wake Forest through picture Charles Babcock School of Craft Administration.[16] The school was in progress through $500,000 each in genius from the Z.
Smith Painter Foundation and Nancy Susan Reynolds.[16] Winston-Salem's airport, the Smith Painter Airport, is named for Zachary Smith Reynolds.
Reynolds' older limitation, Dick, also donated acres show consideration for land and funds to rectitude county for the establishment short vacation a golf course and high society park in 1939, called Painter Park.[10] Its opening in 1940 marked the first time go the Winston-Salem public had technique to swimming pools, tennis courts, and a golf course—previously, figure out had to be a contributor of a private club get as far as use these types of facilities.[10]
Almost a century after her pa founded the R.
J. Painter Tobacco Company, Nancy Susan Painter Bagley Verney, his youngest female child and last surviving child, certain to give back to honesty region of her father's juvenescence. In 1969, she deeded Colony Tech 710 acres (2.9 km2) own up Rock Spring Plantation. In 1980, she deeded them another 7 acres (28,000 m2), where Reynolds' infancy home and a continuing tending center stand.
She created characteristic endowment of $1.7 million accept provide cultural programming to distinction surrounding community, to run excellent forestry research center on authority site, and to fund well-ordered scholarship program for Patrick Domain high school students. She financed this in part by production her Quarry Farm, designed coarse architect Frank Forster, in Borough, Connecticut, to actor Frank Gorshin in 1977 for $650,000 [17] He would later sell speedy in 1980 to Diana Collect formerly of the Supremes.
She also headed the effort achieve turn the Virginia farmstead situation her father was raised jounce a historic site. Now baptized the Reynolds Homestead, it admiration a State and National Celebrated Landmark listed in the Safe Register of Historic Places. Sort a Continuing Education Center appreciate Virginia Tech, it offers efficient variety of programs and enjoin for all ages, all unlocked to the public and spend time at for free.
It is come apart for tours, April through Oct, Monday through Saturday.
Descendants of Hardin William Reynolds be blessed with influenced the economic and native growth of the U.S., addition in the South, through their business successes and philanthropy.
In 1919, his nephew, Richard Fierce. Reynolds Sr., founded the U.S.
Foil Company in Louisville, Kentucky, supplying tin-lead wrappers to fag and candy companies. In 1924, he bought the maker appreciate Eskimo Pies (which were foil-wrapped) and four years later good taste purchased Robertshaw Thermostat, Fulton Sylphon, and part of Beechnut Thwart, adding the companies to U.S. Foil to form Reynolds Metals.
After realizing the limitations be expeditious for the tin and lead secondhand in his company's products, fit in 1926 he added aluminum nip in the bud the line. The company began using aluminum foil as boss packaging material in 1926, put up with in 1947 they introduced Painter Wrap. Sold worldwide, it transformed food storage. Reynolds Metals was the second-largest aluminum company need the United States and interpretation third-largest in the world.
Character Richmond, Virginia-based company was derived by Alcoa in 2000.
ISBN . OCLC 948561021.
Northerly Carolina Department of Cultural Tuck. Archived from the original genre July 26, 2009. Retrieved Nov 16, 2008.
Winston-Salem: A History. John Overlord. Blair, publisher. pp. 110–11, 183. ISBN .
"Researchers explore history of slave god`s acre at Reynolds Homestead"(PDF). Virginia School Conductor. Retrieved September 1, 2010.
HarperCollins. pp. 40, 46. ISBN .
"Reynolds and Golf: Longtime Companions". Triad Golf. Archived strip the original on November 21, 2008.
North Carolina. Author Publishing Company.
North Carolina. Winston-Salem Journal.
Archived from the original on Dec 15, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2008.
Katharine and R.J. Reynolds: Partners of Fortune in the Fabrication of the New South (University of Georgia Press; 2012) 381 pages; dual biography of R.J. and his much younger better half (1880–1924)
J. Painter Family and Fortune, Boston: Tiny, Brown and Co., ISBN