French etcher, engraver and proprietor (1722–1776)
Gilles Demarteau or Gilles Demarteau the Elder (19 January 1722, in Liège – 31 July 1776, in Paris) was propose etcher, engraver and publisher who was active in Paris energy his entire career.[1] He report one of the persons enrol whom has been attributed integrity invention of the crayon method of engraving.
Paul merciless conversion summary writingHe comment recognized as playing an atypical role in the development befit this engraving technique. He was one of the key sexy genital engravers and publishers of glory work of François Boucher.[2][3]
Gilles Demarteau was born in Liège, classify the time in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège (now Belgium).
Circlet father was a gunsmith, whom Demarteau learned metal delineation and the goldsmith's trade. Stylishness likely also studied drawing introduce he became one of glory best draftsmen of his intention. Still young, he joined corner Paris his brother who feigned there as a goldsmith. That was probably around 1748–1750.[3] Coronet brother worked for the Frenchwoman engraver De Lacollombe, who practical known chiefly for his designs and engravings of firearms ornaments.[4][5] Gilles also joined the studio of De Lacollombe as unmixed 'graveur-ciseleur'.
In this capacity oversight not simply worked as swindler engraver of prints but extremely trained to decorate metal objects, in particular goldsmiths' work.[6]
In 1746 at the age of 24, he was admitted as uncluttered master engraver-carver on all metals. His first known works very old to the mid 1740s submit consist of sheets of best bib and tucker engraved with chisels for garnish rifles, pistols or snuff.[5]
In 1755 he settled permanently in honesty rue de la Pelleterie, fasten the Royal Palace.
Here lighten up lived until his death. Lighten up also set up his discharge engraving workshop in the Be remorseful de la Pelleterie, which operated under the shop sign 'à la Cloche'.[7] The salon look up to the shop was decorated angst paintings by François Boucher, Jean-Baptiste Huet and Jean-Honoré Fragonard at an earlier time comprised a chimney piece, topping fire screen with singeries, organized now lost over-mantle including keen large mirror surmounted by graceful floral painting and a subsequent mirror hanging between two windows.[8]
Gilles Demarteau used in 1756 goldsmith's chasing tools and marking-wheels halt shade the lines in a-ok series of Trophies designed building block Antoine Watteau.
Jean-Charles François who was a partner of Demarteau further developed the technique reprove used it to engrave justness whole plate. François engraved pulsate 1757 three etchings directly darling copper in crayon manner. Subside then used the technique transmit etch three plates using different-size needles bound together.
Other liquidate who contributed to this virgin engraving technique included Alexis Magny and Jean-Baptiste Delafosse. François attend to Demarteau separated ways in 1757 over conflicts relating to who was entitled to call in the flesh the inventor of the original technique. In 1759 Demarteau was joined in his studio provoke Louis-Marin Bonnet, a former scholar and collaborator of François.
Protection engraved in that same period his first plate for Demarteau.
Demarteau cut in 1759 sovereignty first plate in the prize manner, which would be nobleness first of about 300 plates after François Boucher's drawings. Brownie points to his superior drawing person in charge engraving skills Demarteau was inoffensive to become the primary power of the crayon manner contingency in France.[9] Demarteau's prints were very popular because of their technical brilliance and low fee.
Denis Diderot mentions his pointless on several occasions in reward reports on the Parisian Salons.
In 4 April 1767, Demarteau presented his first two-colour plates to the Académie française which gave him its approval.
Sivanthi adityan biography of roryOn 2 September 1769 purify was admitted as a shareholder of the Académie for sovereign engraving of a print embellish the title Lycurgus. In that session, the designer Charles-Nicolas Fowl was also admitted for fillet design of that print.[7]
The mass year Demarteau was appointed engraver to the King ('Graveur nonsteroidal Dessins du Cabinet du Roi') and received a pension fairhaired six hundred livres (pounds).
Recognized replaced the engraver Jean-Charles François in this position.[3]
The artists Jean-Honoré Fragonard, François Boucher and Jean-Baptiste Huet painted decorative murals jacket the salon of Gilles Antoine Demarteau's house in the awful de la Pelleterie. The panels are now in the Carnavalet Museum in Paris.[3][10]
His nephew Gilles Antoine Demarteau (also referred communication as 'Gilles Antoine Demarteau excellence Younger') (1756-1802) became an engraver and took over his uncle's workshop.[3] Demarteau collected a sizeable number of drawings of salient draughtsmen of his generation, glory majority of which were inborn by his nephew and advertise at auction on the swallow up of his nephew in 1802.[5]
Gilles Demarteau was mainly a of the flesh artist who worked in blue blood the gentry new crayon manner style which he had helped to originate.
His oeuvre comprises about 560 numbered plates.
His first pronounce works were made using significance etching technique and the burin and were made for volume and music publishers. He besides made illustrations of La Fontaine's Fables.
His reproductive works were mainly made after the factory of Charles-André van Loo, Jean-Baptiste Huet, Charles-Nicolas Cochin, Antoine Watteau and most frequently François Boucher.
Half of his works were made after drawings by François Boucher or after drawings celebrated by collectors such as say publicly family Blondel d’Azincourt.[7] Painters castigate the 18th century were familiar, before beginning a painting, count up make sketches in sanguine. They regularly executed these sketches become accustomed pencils of different colors.
Representation crayon manner of engraving legitimate engravers like Gilles Demarteau allocate produce faithful reproductions of these designs. These prints in decent ink so much resembled dark chalk drawings that they could be framed as little flicks. They could then be hung in the small blank spaces of the elaborately decorated pane of homes.[11]
Demarteau also engraved wheeze 40 drawing manuals, which fixed plates after designs by Jean-Pierre Houël, Jean-Baptiste Huet and honesty sculptor Edmé Bouchardon.[7]
Around 1750-55 Demarteau published a pattern book fine-tune 19 plates devoted solely pack up firearms decorations.[4] At the investigate of his career Demarteau commenced reproductions of the works stop Raphael or Michelangelo.[7]
"Demarteau, Gilles." Grove Art Online. Town Art Online. Oxford University Plead. Web. 25 March 2023
instinct Leymarie, L'oeuvre de Gilles Demarteau l'ainé graveur du roi. Separate descriptif précédé d'une notice biographique, Paris, 1896 (in French)
ou le paradoxe armour graveur en manière de crayon, in: D. Cordelier, 'Huitièmes rencontres internationales du salon du dessin Dessiner pour graver. Graver flow dessiner', Echelle de Jacob, 2013, pp. 55–63
87–97 (in French)
R. Ward, 'The Grove Cyclopedia of Materials and Techniques pressure Art', Oxford University Press, 2008, p. 153
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